How To Prime Water Pump

Have you ever faced a water pump that refuses to work? Priming a water pump is the solution.

To prime a water pump, you need to remove air from the pump and suction line by filling it with water. This process creates the necessary pressure for the pump to function properly.

Steps to Prime Water Pump

Step 1: Preparation

Turn off the electrical power to the water pump. Locate the plumbing fixture nearest to the water tank for access to the pump system. Inspect the pump for any damage, cracks, or loose fittings.

Step 2: Opening Relief Valves

Open any relief valves on the pump system to prevent pressure buildup. Keep an eye on the water pressure gauge throughout the process.

Step 3: Connecting Water Source

Attach a garden hose to an independent water source. Ensure the hose is lead-free if using for drinking water. Flush the hose for a few seconds to clear any debris.

Step 4: Filling the Pump

Insert the hose into the plumbing fixture. Turn on the water flow and allow the pump’s tank to fill. Listen for water entering the tank or observe the rising level on the pressure gauge.

Step 5: Pressurizing the System

Continue filling until water exits the opposite end of the pump. This indicates the water system has been pressurized. Turn off the water flow to the hose at this point.

Step 6: Restoring Power

Restore electrical power to the pump. Let it run for approximately one minute. If relief valves were opened, wait for water to seep from them before closing.

Step 7: Completing the Process

Allow the pump to finish its cycle. If it turns off naturally, priming is complete. If the pump doesn’t shut off, repeat the process until successful priming is achieved.

Step 8: Verifying Operation

Test the pump by turning on a water faucet at the recipient source. If the pump audibly turns on and off, it has been successfully primed.

What Causes a Water Pump Not to Prime

Pump Not Holding Prime

Checking for air leaks in the suction pipe when a pump fails to hold prime.

• Inspect all joints, fittings, and connections along the suction line for potential air ingress.
• Examine foot valves, gaskets, and seals for wear or damage that could compromise the vacuum.
• Ensure the suction pipe is fully submerged in the water source to prevent air from entering.

Debris in Impeller

Foreign objects in the impeller can hinder the pump’s ability to create the necessary low pressure for priming. Regularly inspect and clean the impeller to remove any accumulated debris.

Inadequate Power Supply

Low motor speed or insufficient RPMs can impede the priming process.

• Verify that the pump’s power source is providing adequate voltage and that the motor is operating at the correct speed.
• For variable speed pumps, ensure they start at full speed initially to facilitate priming before reducing to the desired operating speed.

Air-Bound Pump

When a pump runs but fails to deliver water, it may be air-bound.

• Check for proper venting and ensure that air release valves are functioning correctly.
• Inspect the recirculation port for blockages that could prevent proper fluid circulation through the pump casing, hindering the creation of low pressure at the impeller eye.

Excessive Priming Time

Long suction lines can significantly increase priming time.

• Keep the suction pipe as short as possible, ideally under 25-30 feet.
• Eliminate unnecessary bends, valves, or restrictions in the suction line that could impede water flow.
• Consider relocating the pump closer to the water source if feasible to reduce suction lift and improve priming efficiency.

FAQs

Do You Need to Prime a Water Pump More Than Once?

Most water pumps only need priming once if installed correctly. However, repriming may be necessary if the pump loses its prime due to leaks, running dry, or prolonged disuse.

What’s the Best Way to Prime a Water Pump?

Turn off the pump. Locate the priming port. Fill the pump casing with water until it overflows. Close the priming port. Turn on the pump and let it run until water flows steadily.

How to Get Air out of a Water Pump?

Open all faucets slightly. Run the pump until water flows steadily without sputtering. Close faucets one by one, starting with the lowest point. Repeat if necessary to remove all air.

What Happens If You Don’t Prime a Water Pump?

Failure to prime can damage the pump. It may run dry, causing seal failure and component damage. The pump won’t create sufficient pressure to draw water, resulting in no water flow or low pressure.

Do All Pumps Need to Be Primed?

Not all pumps require priming. Self-priming pumps and submersible pumps typically don’t need manual priming. However, most centrifugal pumps and jet pumps need priming before initial use or after losing prime.

In Conclusion

Priming a water pump is a crucial skill for maintaining efficient water systems. By following the steps outlined in this guide, users can ensure their pumps operate smoothly and effectively.

Regular pump maintenance, including proper priming, extends equipment life and prevents costly repairs. Take action today to implement these techniques and optimize your water pump’s performance.